@book {292,
	title = {Religious Internet Communication. Facts, Trends and Experiences in the Catholic Church},
	year = {2010},
	publisher = {EDUSC},
	organization = {EDUSC},
	address = {Rome (Italy)},
	keywords = {Catholic, Church, Communication, internet},
	author = {Arasa, Daniel and Cantoni, Lorenzo and Ruiz, Lucio}
}
@book {336,
	title = {The Globalization of Communications: Some Religious Implications},
	year = {1998},
	publisher = {WCC Publications; World Association for Christian Communication.},
	organization = {WCC Publications; World Association for Christian Communication.},
	address = {Geneva; London},
	keywords = {Church, Communication, Globalization},
	url = {http://www.amazon.com/Globalization-Communications-Some-Religious-Implications/dp/2825412880},
	author = {Arthur, C}
}
@mastersthesis {46,
	title = {Church 2.0: A study of church web development},
	year = {2007},
	month = {December 2007},
	school = {Missouri State University},
	address = {Springfield, Missouri},
	abstract = {Religion is ever present in American culture and on the Internet, and as the Internet shifts from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0, churches must reexamine how their web sites address the needs and desires of their audiences. In this project, the researcher studies members of LifePoint Church and their use of the church{\textquoteright}s web site, church web developers{\textquoteright} methods and attitudes toward church web development, and the web sites of LifePoint{\textquoteright}s competitors for the purpose of deciding whether LifePoint should embrace Web 2.0. The researcher applies the results of the three mini-studies to the seven characteristics of Web 2.0: Web as platform, collective intelligence, perpetual beta, specialized databases, lightweight services, device outgrowth, and rich user experiences and concludes that Web 2.0 is indeed worth embracing on LifePoint Online.},
	keywords = {Church, web development},
	url = {http://www.sarahjoaustin.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/sja_thesis_web.pdf},
	author = {Sarah J. Austin}
}
@book {254,
	title = {The Blogging Church: Sharing the Story of Your Church Through Blogs},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass},
	organization = {Jossey-Bass},
	address = {CA},
	abstract = {"The Blogging Church" offers church leaders a field manual for using the social phenomenon of blogs to connect people and build communities in a whole new way. Inside you will find the why, what, and how of blogging in the local church. Filled with illustrative examples and practical advice, the authors answer key questions learned on the frontlines of ministry: Is blogging a tool or a toy? What problems will blogging solve? How does it benefit ministry? How do I build a great blog? and Who am I blogging for? "The Blogging Church" is a handbook that will inspire and equip you to join the conversation.The book includes contributions from five of the most popular bloggers in the world--Robert Scoble, Dave Winer, Kathy Sierra, Guy Kawasaki, and Merlin Mann, as well as interviews with blogging pastors such as Mark Driscoll, Craig Groeschel, Tony Morgan, Perry Noble, Greg Surratt, Mark Batterson, and many more. Praise for "The Blogging Church". "Brian Bailey makes two things crystal clear in this book: if you{\textquoteright}ve got a church, then you need to spread your story. And if you need to spread your story, blogs are now an essential tool. Time to pay attention!" Seth Godin, author, "Small Is the New Big" "I had a lot of questions about blogs and their value for my church. I{\textquoteright}m thankful that Brian and Terry are sharing their experiences to answer those questions. Their insights are for everyone in ministry. Whether you are reading blogs, writing blogs, or just trying to figure out how to use the word in a sentence, this book is for you." Mark Beeson, senior pastor, Granger Community Church "My talking head is limited to the pulpit proper. I thank God that there{\textquoteright}s a tool to reach outside the church, to those that are, sadly, outside the church. Thank you Brian and Terry for "The Blogging Church."" Bob Coy, senior pastor, Calvary Chapel, Ft. Lauderdale},
	keywords = {Blog, Christianity, Church, story},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=0IKlJ-okiaYC\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Bailey, Brian and Storch, Terry and Young, Ed}
}
@article {1892,
	title = {Church In The Public Sphere: Production Of Meaning Between Rational And Irrational},
	journal = {Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies},
	volume = {Vol 13},
	year = {2014},
	month = {07/2014},
	pages = {3-20},
	chapter = {3},
	abstract = {In the public sphere and especially in the media, the discourse on the Church and about the Church on faith and religion is often tainted by the confusion of meaning due, among other things, to the mutual borrowing less rigorous {\textendash} epistemologically and methodologically {\textendash} of the concepts which engage various disciplines (theology, sociology, anthropology, political science, information and communication science, and so on) who take possession of problematic centered on the relation between mankind and divinity. This article presents some basic benchmarks for analyzing and understanding the construction of meaning as well as the rationality or irrationality of these issues by convening the disciplinary distinction between the content of the concepts of organization and that of the institution.},
	keywords = {Church, Faith, media, production of meaning, public sphere, religion, symbolic forms},
	issn = {1583-0039},
	url = {http://jsri.ro/ojs/index.php/jsri/article/view/741},
	author = {Bratosin, Stefan}
}
@inbook {317,
	title = {This is my church: Seeing the internet and club culture as spiritual space},
	booktitle = {Religion Online: Finding Faith on the Internet},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {107-121},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {After sex, religion is one of the most popular and pervasive topics of interest online, with over three million Americans turning to the internet each day for religious information and spiritual guidance. Tens of thousands of elaborate websites are dedicated to every manner of expression. Religion Online provides an accessible and comprehensive introduction to this burgeoning new religious reality, from cyberpilgrimages to neo-pagan chatroom communities. A substantial introduction by the editors presenting the main themes and issues is followed by sixteen chapters addressing core issues of concern such as youth, religion and the internet, new religious movements and recruitment, propaganda and the countercult, and religious tradition and innovation. The volume also includes the Pew Internet and American Life Project Executive Summary, the most comprehensive and widely cited study on how Americans pursue religion online, and Steven O{\textquoteright}Leary{\textquoteright}s field-defining Cyberspace as Sacred Space.},
	keywords = {Christianity, Church, club culture, internet},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=xy0PJrrWXH4C\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Heidi Campbell}
}
@article {348,
	title = {Online Religion in Nigeria: The Internet Church and Cyber Miracles},
	journal = {Journal of Asian and African Studies},
	year = {2012},
	abstract = {This study examines the use of the Internet and computer-mediated communication for Christian worship in Nigeria. The seven largest and fastest growing churches in Nigeria are selected for the study, highlighting the benefits and dangers associated with online worship. The utilization of the Internet to disseminate the Christian message and attract membership across the world, and the dissemination of religious tenets and fellowship online, have resulted in the emergence of the {\textquoteleft}Internet church{\textquoteright} for members who worship online in addition to belonging to a local church. Most interesting is the increasing widespread claim of spiritual experience or {\textquoteleft}miracles{\textquoteright} through digital worship. However, there is fear that online worship endangers the offline house fellowship system, which is viewed as the reproductive organ of the local offline church. Exclusive online worshippers are also said to be susceptible to deception and divided loyalty. },
	keywords = {Christianity, Church, Nigeria, Online, religion},
	url = {http://jas.sagepub.com/content/early/2012/01/24/0021909611430935.abstract},
	author = {Innocent Chiluwa}
}
@book {133,
	title = {Cyberchurch, Christianity and the Internet},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {Kingsway Publications},
	organization = {Kingsway Publications},
	address = {Eastborne},
	keywords = {Christianity, Church, cyberspace, internet},
	author = {Dixon, Patrik}
}
@book {255,
	title = {Tweet If You Heart Jesus: Practicing Church in the Digital Reformation},
	year = {2011},
	publisher = {Morehouse Publishing},
	organization = {Morehouse Publishing},
	abstract = {Churches everywhere are scrambling to get linked with Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. But are they ready for the Digital Reformation: the dramatic global shift in the nature of faith, social consciousness and relationship that these digital social media have ushered in? Tweet If You ♥ Jesus brings the wisdom of ancient and medieval Christianity into conversation with contemporary theories of cultural change and the realities of social media, all to help churches navigate a landscape where faith, leadership and community have taken on new meanings.},
	keywords = {Church, Jesus, reformation, Twitter},
	url = {https://www.churchpublishing.org/products/index.cfm?fuseaction=productDetail\&productID=8830},
	author = {Drescher, E}
}
@mastersthesis {384,
	title = {Emerging church bloggers in Australia: Prophets, priests and rulers in God{\textquoteright}s virtual world},
	volume = {Doctor of Philosophy},
	year = {2010},
	keywords = {Australia, Blogging, Christianity, Church, Virtual},
	url = {http://researchbank.rmit.edu.au/eserv/rmit:6138/EmersonTeusner.pdf},
	author = {Emerson Teusner, P}
}
@book {256,
	title = {SimChurch: Being the Church in the Virtual World},
	year = {2009},
	publisher = {Zondervan},
	organization = {Zondervan},
	address = {Grand Rapids, MI},
	abstract = {The meeting place for the church of tomorrow will be a computer screen. Don{\textquoteright}t laugh, and don{\textquoteright}t feel alarmed. The real-world church isn{\textquoteright}t going anywhere until Jesus returns. But the virtual church is already here, and it{\textquoteright}s poised for explosive growth. SimChurch invites you to explore the vision, the concerns, the challenges, and the remarkable possibilities of building Christ{\textquoteright}s kingdom online. What is the virtual church, and what different forms might it take? Will it be an extension of a real-world church, or a separate entity? How will it encourage families to worship together? Is it even possible or healthy to {\textquoteright}be{\textquoteright} the church in the virtual world? If you{\textquoteright}re passionate about the church and evangelism, and if you feel both excitement and concern over the new virtual world the internet is creating, then these are just some of the vital issues you and other postmillennial followers of Jesus must grapple with. Rich in both biblical and current insight, combining exploration and critique, SimChurch opens a long-overdue discussion you can{\textquoteright}t afford to miss.},
	keywords = {Christianity, Church, Virtual},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=a9-1bdvTXiUC\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Estes, Douglas}
}
@article {2099,
	title = {The Virtual Construction of the sacred{\textendash}Representation and Fantasy in the Architecture of Second Life Churches},
	journal = {Nordic Journal of Religion and Society},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {59{\textendash}73},
	abstract = {This study aims to construct a typology of the visual style of Christian spaces in the online virtual world of Second Life (SL). Virtual worlds offer diverse new possibilities for architectural style, unrestricted by gravity, weather or scarcity of materials. These new regions also operate largely beyond the control and indeed awareness of established religious authorities, so they can also offer users new opportunities to reconsider the social structure of their communities. This research project aims to survey religious responses to these new potential freedoms. Research to date on religion in SL has focused on small samples of spaces or activity, but we found 114 Christian spaces. An overwhelming number of the locations we visited featured a Christian church building. 81 of 114 included a church building that reproduced a recognizable offline architectural style, and only 9 included a church with an entirely different style. Only 15 Christian locations had buildings that cannot be characterised as churches. 
},
	keywords = {Church, Sacred, Second Life Churches, Virtual},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279318282_The_virtual_construction_of_the_sacred_-_Representation_and_fantasy_in_the_architecture_of_second_life_churches},
	author = {Gelfgren, S and Hutchings, T}
}
@article {215,
	title = {The Cyberchurch is Coming. National Survey of Teenagers shows Expectation of Substituting Internet for Corner Church},
	year = {1998},
	keywords = {Church, Cyberchurch, internet, teenagers},
	author = {Barna Research Group}
}
@article {361,
	title = {Creating Church Online: A Case-Study Approach to Religious Experience},
	journal = {Studies in World Christianity},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {243-260},
	keywords = {Church, Experience, Online, religion},
	url = {http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/edinburgh-university-press/creating-church-online-a-case-study-approach-to-religious-experience-Rjr4uCIo7a},
	author = {Hutchings, T.}
}
@book {2030,
	title = {Creating Church Online },
	year = {2017},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {Creating Church Online constructs a rich ethnographic account of the diverse cultures of online churches, from virtual worlds to video streams. This book also outlines the history of online churchgoing, from its origins in the 1980s to the present day, and traces the major themes of academic and Christian debate around this topic. Applying some of the leading current theories in the study of religion, media and culture to this data, Tim Hutchings proposes a new model of religious design in contexts of mediatization, and draws attention to digital networks, transformative third spaces and terrains of existential vulnerability. Creating Church Online advances our understanding of the significance and impact of digital media in the religious and social lives of its users, in search of new theoretical frameworks for digital religion.},
	keywords = {Church, Online},
	issn = {978-0-415-53693-6},
	url = {https://books.google.com/books?id=jCElDwAAQBAJ\&pg=PA240\&lpg=PA240\&dq=tim+hutchings+spreading+church+online\&source=bl\&ots=iGY5FUbRlM\&sig=KIk6zTYbFqQ5mnzw8cTwtlbmezk\&hl=en\&sa=X\&ved=0ahUKEwjV_4yHzvvaAhVG1IMKHZT9DIwQ6AEIPzAE$\#$v=onepage\&q=tim\%20hutchings\%20spre},
	author = {Tim Hutchings}
}
@article {1507,
	title = {When Church and Cinema Combine: Blurring Boundaries  through Media-Savvy Evangelicalism },
	journal = {Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2014},
	chapter = {84},
	abstract = {The use of social media presents new religious groups with opportunities to assert themselves in contrast 
to established religious institutions. Intersections of church and cinema form a central part of this 
phenomenon. On one hand, many churches embrace digital media, from Hollywood clips in sermons to 
sermons delivered entirely via video feed. Similarly and overlapping with this use of media, churches in 
cinemas have emerged around the world as a new form of Sunday morning worship. 
This paper investigates intersections of church and cinema through case studies of two representative 
congregations. CityChurch, in W{\"u}rzburg, Germany, is a free evangelical faith community that meets in a 
downtown Cineplex for Sunday worship. LCBC (Lives Changed by Christ) is one of the largest mult-sited megachurches on the American East Coast. While LCBC{\textquoteright}s main campus offers live preaching, 
sermons are digitally streamed to the rest. Both CityChurch and LCBC exemplify growing numbers of 
faith communities that rely on popular musical and social media to 1) redefine local and global religious 
relationships and 2) claim identity as both culturally alternative and spiritually authentic. By engaging with international flows of worship music, films, and viral internet sensations, new media-centered faith communities like CityChurch and LCBC reconfigure established sacred soundscapes. 
CityChurch{\textquoteright}s use of music and media strategically differentiates the congregation from neighboring 
traditional forms of German Christianity while strengthening connections to the imagined global 
evangelical community. LCBC creates what cultural geographer Justin Wilford dubs a {\textquotedblleft}postsuburban 
sacrality{\textquotedblright} that carves out meaning from the banality of strip-mall-stubbed  suburban existence. Analyzing 
the dynamics of music and media in these new worship spaces assumes growing importance as 
transnational music and media choices play an increasingly a central role in locally differentiating 
emergent worship communities from historically hegemonic religious neighbors. 
},
	keywords = {Church, Cinema, Cineplex, CityChurch, Evangelicalism, Germany, Media-Savvy},
	url = {http://jrmdc.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Justice.pdf},
	author = {D Justice}
}
@book {236,
	title = {Shifting Realities: Information Technology and the Church},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {WCC Publications},
	organization = {WCC Publications},
	address = {Geneva},
	abstract = {Information technology is changing the world in ways that profoundly affect us whether or not we ever use a computer. While some Christians greet these developments with enthusiasm and others with alarm, most seem to regard them with uncertainty and ambivalence. The author describes how churches are discovering ecumenical applications of new technologies, and explores the relation between Christian understandings of the "Word" and contemporary information technologies; the "underside" of information technology (threats to privacy and the availability of hate literature and pornography on the Internet); and what all this does to our perceptions of reality and the way the Christian gospel is communicated today.

},
	keywords = {Church, information, technology},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books/about/Shifting_realities.html?id=U2oQAQAAIAAJ},
	author = {Lochhead, David}
}
@inbook {1269,
	title = {Dreams of Church in Cyberspace},
	booktitle = {Digital religion, social media and culture: Perspectives, Practices and Futures},
	year = {2012},
	publisher = {Peter Lang Publishing},
	organization = {Peter Lang Publishing},
	chapter = {2},
	address = {New York},
	keywords = {Blogging, Church, cyberspace, mission, Networked individualism, social networks, virtual community, Virtual environments, Virtual World, virtuality},
	url = {http://www.peterlang.com/index.cfm?event=cmp.ccc.seitenstruktur.detailseiten\&seitentyp=produkt\&pk=60410\&concordeid=311474},
	author = {Knut Lundby}
}
@article {205,
	title = {The Sacred and the Virtual: Religion in Multi-User Virtual Reality},
	journal = {Journal of Computer Mediated Communication },
	volume = {4},
	year = {1994},
	abstract = {This paper explores the social interaction among participants in a church service in an online multi-user virtual reality (VR) environment. It examines some of the main features of prayer meetings in a religiously-oriented virtual world and also what sets this world apart from other virtual worlds. Next, it examines some of the issues of research ethics and methods that are raised in the study of online behavior in virtual worlds. The paper then analyzes the text exchanges between participants in a virtual church service and some of the ways in which these compare with the content of a conventional church service. Finally, the paper draws out some implications for our understanding of the relation between interaction in the virtual and in the {\textquotedblleft}real{\textquotedblright} world.},
	keywords = {Church, Interaction, Sacred, Virtual},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.1998.tb00092.x/full},
	author = {Schroeder, Ralph and Heather, Noel and Lee, Raymond M.}
}
@article {1190,
	title = {A Study of Church/Ministry Internet Usage},
	journal = {Journal of Ministry Marketing \& Management},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2002},
	chapter = {23},
	abstract = {This manuscript reports the results of a national survey of Internet use by churches and ministries. The mail survey to a random sample of 500 churches and ministries sought to determine the proportion of churches/ministries with Internet access, how the Internet was being used by their organization, and organizational characteristics. A total of 448 questionnaires were delivered and 113 were returned resulting in a response rate of 25.2\%.

About 93 percent of the respondents surveyed reported using a computer. Of that 93 percent, about 70 percent reported they had Internet access. When asked about how the Internet has helped their church, respondents reported communications with others as the most important benefit, followed by staying better informed on products and services, and as a research tool for sermons and Bible studies.

Among respondent churches who had Internet access, about 37 percent had a webpage. Of those who did not have a webpage, 58 percent plan on having one within a year. The most common ways churches use their website were found to be (1) describing features of the church such as service times or scheduled events, (2) creating a way to communicate with others about the church, (3) providing a way for people to contact the church by e-mail, and (4) image creation.

Respondents cited several benefits of having a website: (1) improved communication, (2) increased member knowledge about church programs and (3) increased attendance at church services or activities.},
	keywords = {Church, Computer, Contemporary Religious Community, cyberspace, internet, Internet access, Internet use by churches and ministries, Mass media, national survey, network, New Media and Society, new media engagement, New Technology and Society, online activities, online communication, Online community, religion, religion and internet, Religion and the Internet, religiosity, religious engagement, religious identity, Religious Internet Communication, Religious Internet Communities, religious organizations, sociability unbound, Sociology of religion, users{\textquoteright} participation, virtual community, virtual public sphere, {\textquotedblleft}digital religion{\textquotedblright}, {\textquotedblleft}media and religion{\textquotedblright}, {\textquotedblleft}media research{\textquotedblright}, {\textquotedblleft}online identity{\textquotedblright}, {\textquotedblleft}religion online{\textquotedblright}, {\textquotedblleft}religious congregations{\textquotedblright}, {\textquotedblleft}religious media research{\textquotedblright}},
	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J093v07n01_03$\#$.Uin3-Masim5},
	author = {Robert E. Stevens and Paul Dunn and David L. Loudon and Henry S. Cole}
}
@inbook {824,
	title = {Formation of a Religious Technorati: Negotiations of Authority Among Austrailian Emerging Church Blogs},
	booktitle = {Digital Religion: Understanding Religious Practice in New Media Worlds },
	year = {2012},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	address = {London},
	keywords = {Authority, Blogging, Church, religion},
	issn = {0415676118},
	author = {Teusner, P. and Campbell, H.}
}
