@article {1265,
	title = {Making the Internet  Kosher: Orthodox (HAREDI) Jews and their  Approach to the WORLD WIDE WEB},
	journal = {Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2009},
	chapter = {99},
	abstract = {This article surveys the approach of Orthodox Judaism {\textendash} especially the Haredi (Ultra-
Orthodox) Judaism {\textendash} to the Internet. In the introduction we compare the approach
of the Abrahamic religions to the Internet. Then we focus on the Haredi
community (especially in the contemporary State of Israel) and their specific approach
to the Internet. This article argues that the use of the Internet, although officially
banned by many Haredi Rabbis, is in fact tolerated on a pragmatic basis. We
also survey which kind of {\textquotedblleft}protection against secular threads{\textquotedblright} the Haredim1 use
(filtering software, Holy Shabbat protection). In the last part of this article the role
of the Internet in Israeli religious politics, and by its uses by fundamentalist and
radical Jewish groups, is surveyed},
	keywords = {Halakha, Haredim, Judaism, Kosher, Rabbi, religious fundamentalism, Religious law, the Internet, Ultra-Orthodox Jews},
	url = {https://mujlt.law.muni.cz/storage/1267475339_sb_06-cejka.pdf},
	author = {Cejka, M}
}
@article {1264,
	title = {The Forbidden Fork, the Cell Phone Holocaust, and Other Haredi Encounters with Technology},
	journal = {Contemporary Jewry},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2009},
	chapter = {3},
	abstract = {Haredi Jews valorize tradition and explicitly reject the idea of progress
on ideological grounds. Concomitantly, they are opposed to many innovations and
are highly critical of the destructive potential of modern communication technologies
such as cell phones with Internet capability that serve as pocket-sized portals
between their insular communities and the wider world. In response to this perceived
threat, Haredi authorities have issued bans on the use of certain technologies
and have endorsed the development of acceptable alternatives, such as the so-called
kosher cell phone. And yet, many Haredim, both in the United States and Israel, are
highly sophisticated users and purveyors of these same technologies. This tension
indicates that Haredim have a much more complicated relationship to technology
and to modernity, itself, than their {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}official{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} stance would suggest.},
	keywords = {cell phone, Haredim, Hasidim, Holocaust, internet, Israel, Modernity, technology, Ultra-Orthodox Jews},
	url = {http://www.nabilechchaibi.com/resources/Deutsch.pdf},
	author = {Nathaniel Deutsch}
}
@article {2114,
	title = {Fundamentalist web journalism: Walking a fine line between religious ultra-Orthodoxy and the new media ethos},
	journal = {European Journal of Communication},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {304-320},
	abstract = {New media journalism has perturbed traditional reporting not only in mainstream-modern societies but also within religious-cum-insular communities. Focusing on the Jewish ultra-Orthodox community in Israel and in light of web journalists{\textquoteright} continuous struggle with leading clergy and an apprehensive public, this study grapples with the question, {\textquoteleft}How do ultra-Orthodox web journalists view their work mission as information brokers for an enclave culture?{\textquoteright} The study gleaned from 40 in-depth interviews with web journalists and discussions with community web activists. Results uncovered three major schemata that drive their praxis: (1) Communal-Haredi, (2) Western-Democratic and (3) Journalist Ecosystem. Findings suggest a rising archetype of fundamentalist web journalism that rests its professional ethos on writers{\textquoteright} practice, rather than on formalized training or communal dictums. Web journalists were found to strongly identify with their community, yet, often unintentionally, also act as a secondary form of authority and harbingers of change.},
	keywords = {fundamentalism, journalist motivations, new media and religion, online journalism, religion, religion and media, ultra-Orthodox, Ultra-Orthodox Jews, web journalism},
	url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0267323118763928},
	author = {Golan, O and Mishol-Shauli, N}
}
@article {2118,
	title = {Group identity and social closeness: Secular and Ultra-Orthodox Jews in Israeli academic institutions},
	journal = {International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {259-279},
	abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to study examine the social identity of Ultra-Orthodox students enrolled in institutions of higher learning in Israel, and specifically the ways in which the identity of Ultra-Orthodox students who interact with other groups on campus compares to the identity of self-segregated Ultra-Orthodox students. Traditionally, Ultra-Orthodox students have preferred self-segregated educational institutions. Today, however increasing numbers of Ultra-Orthodox Jews are enrolling in regular academic institutions. Although they study in separate, homogeneous classrooms, they interact with secular students within the framework of the institution.},
	keywords = {identity, Israeli society, Secular, Ultra-Orthodox Jews},
	url = {https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/IJSSP-06-2017-0085},
	author = {Moskovich, Y and Liberman, I}
}
