@article {40,
	title = {The Basilica of Guadalupe on the Internet: The Diffusion of Religious Practices in the Era of Information Technologies},
	journal = {Renglones, Revista Arbitrada en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2009},
	month = {September 2009},
	pages = {27-36},
	publisher = {Instituto Tecnol{\'o}gico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente, A.C.},
	address = {Tlaquepaque, Mexico},
	abstract = {This article discusses the use of new information technologies for the purpose of disseminating religious beliefs. It deals in particular with the web awareness strategy used by the Basilica of Guadalupe, a pioneering institution in the use of an Internet site for religious purposes in Mexico. The author examines the relationship between media and people, rituals and spaces involved in religious practices; he also gives an overview of the different communication models favored by the Catholic Church at different moments in the history of media. With a qualitative research method, using in{\textendash}depth interviews as data collection tool, a semantic content analysis is performed, allowing identification of the main courses for the Basilica{\textquoteright}s online awareness strategy. One conclusion is that the main use for the web site is broadcasting information and providing services to the faithful, which subordinates the religious message to the advantages and conditions imposed by the medium, as well as its specific hazards, from the emitter{\textquoteright}s point of view. Given its relevance in Mexico, the communication strategy applied by the Basilica can shed light on the steps that other entities linked to the Catholic Church in this country could take in the future.},
	keywords = {Basilica of Guadalupe, Catholic Church, communication {\textendash} group and community, information technologies, internet, media, religion, religious practices {\textendash} diffusion},
	url = {http://renglones.iteso.mx/upload/archivos/pablo_aburto.pdf},
	author = {Pablo Ignacio Aburto Carvajal}
}
@book {2165,
	title = {Online Catholic Communities: Community, Authority, and Religious Individualization},
	series = {Routledge Studies in Religion and Digital Culture},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {142},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	edition = {1st},
	address = {New York, London},
	abstract = {The Catholic Church has been moving into a new phase, one where its congregation can choose to meet and practice elements of their own version of their faith on online forums. This new form of congregating allows for an individualised faith to manifest itself outside of the usual church authority structures. Online Catholic Communities provides insight into how religious and non-religious internet forum users interact and form groups during interactions; it also discusses the transformation of religious authority and its emanations in these digital contexts.

Using the top three online forums used by Polish Catholics as a case study, this project explores the formation of these online communities. It then looks at the alternative authority structures that emerge online and how these lead to an individualised form of religious engagement that can develop independently of mainstream doctrine. Through highlighting how religious discourse in Poland is appropriated and creatively modified by users in fulfilling their own spiritual needs, this work reveals the constant interplay between online and offline religious contexts.

This monograph includes cutting edge research on online expressions of religious community, authority and individualisation and as such will be of keen interest to scholars of religious studies and the sociology of religion, as well as communication studies.},
	keywords = {Catholic Church, digital environments, individualization, religious authority},
	issn = {9781138059757},
	url = {https://www.routledge.com/Online-Catholic-Communities-Community-authority-and-religious-individualization/Kolodziejska/p/book/9781138059757},
	author = {Marta Kolodziejska}
}
@article {2109,
	title = {The Irish Catholic Church and the Internet},
	journal = {New Hibernia Review},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {20-38},
	abstract = {In an article about the current state of the Catholic church in Ireland published in an Italian Jesuit magazine in 2017, the former Irish provincial Gerry O{\textquoteright}Hanlon wrote that the challenge for the Irish church today was "to re-awaken the need for salvation and the Good News of the Gospels within a culture which experiences no such need."1 Back in 2004, another Jesuit, writing in the Review of Ignatian Spirituality, had already warned that "effective advertising and marketing" were crucial" to "develop a fresh image" of the Catholic church, one that would be more likely to "capture the imagination of [its] customers."2 The emergence and growth of the church{\textquoteright}s digital strategy in Ireland must be understood against this background, as one of many attempts to avoid becoming what Archbishop Diarmuid Martin once called "an irrelevant minority culture.},
	keywords = {Catholic Church, internet, Irish},
	url = {https://muse.jhu.edu/article/689122/summary},
	author = {Maignant, C}
}
@article {2029,
	title = {The Irish Catholic Church and the Internet},
	journal = {New Hibernia Review},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {20-38},
	type = {academic},
	abstract = {Nevertheless, in spite of resistances and initial smiles, the internet has become more than a key communication channel for the Catholic church; it has, in the minds of many, become a potential transformational force. Numerous commentators have suggested that the impact of the digital age on religion is likely to be as revolutionary as the invention of the printing press.6 The medium is in a position to influence the language of the church, the nature of its interactions with the faithful, and its very understanding of time and space. The official discourse remains that regardless of the medium in which the church delivers its message, the fundamental message does not change. But this question, too, is up for discussion, especially as the church is unable to control the matrix of online culture. For now, it appears that the Catholic church is merely seeking to seize the opportunities provided by the new digital age and respond to its challenges, while continuing to carry out out its traditional mission and trying to restore confidence in itself as an institition.},
	keywords = {Catholic Church, internet},
	doi = {10.1353/nhr.2017.0047},
	url = {https://muse.jhu.edu/article/689122/summary},
	author = {Catherine Maignant}
}
@article {1594,
	title = {La reconstrucci{\'o}n de lo {\textquotedblleft}religioso{\textquotedblright} en la circulaci{\'o}n en redes socio-digitales},
	journal = {La Trama de la Comunicaci{\'o}n},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2014},
	chapter = {151},
	abstract = {En este art{\'\i}culo, se presenta una reflexi{\'o}n sobre la mediatizaci{\'o}n digital de la religi{\'o}n, fen{\'o}meno socio-comunicacional en que se sit{\'u}a la actual reconstrucci{\'o}n de lo religioso. En sitios cat{\'o}licos brasile{\~n}os, se analiza el desv{\'\i}o de la pr{\'a}ctica de la fe al ambiente online a partir de l{\'o}gicas medi{\'a}ticas, los llamados rituales online, que complejizan el fen{\'o}meno religioso y las procesualidades comunicacionales. Se describen tres modalidades de oferta y apropiaci{\'o}n de lo sagrado: la inter faz interaccional, las interacciones discursivas y las interacciones rituales. A partir de esas nuevas modalidades de percepci{\'o}n y de expresi{\'o}n de lo sagrado, se analizan las pr{\'a}cticas de instituciones sociales como la Iglesia y la sociedad en general al hablar p{\'u}blicamente sobre lo religioso en las redes digitales {\textendash} en este caso, lo {\textquotedblleft}cat{\'o}lico{\textquotedblright}, es decir, constructos simb{\'o}licos que la sociedad considera como vinculados a la doctrina y tradici{\'o}n de la Iglesia Cat{\'o}lica-. Se analizan, entonces, los conceptos de reconexi{\'o}n y dispositivos conexiales. Como conclusi{\'o}n, se afirma que, en esa reconstrucci{\'o}n de lo {\textquotedblleft}cat{\'o}lico{\textquotedblright}, surge una religiosidad en experimentaci{\'o}n marcada por e-rej{\'\i}as, o sea, nuevos sentidos simb{\'o}licos de lo religioso en red, {\textquotedblleft}bricolajes de la fe{\textquotedblright} en el ambiente digital.

This article presents a reflection on the digital mediatization of religion, socio-communicational phenomenon in which stands the current reconstruction of the religious. In Brazilian Catholic sites, it analyzes the displacement of the practice of the faith to the online environment based on mediatic logics, the so-called rituals online, that turn the religious phenomena and the communication processualities more complex. It describes three forms of of fer and appropriation of the sacred: the interactional inter face, the discursive interactions and the ritual interactions. From these new modes of perception and expression of the sacred, it analyses practices of social institutions as the Church and society in general to speak publicly about religion in digital networks {\textendash} in this case, the {\textquotedblleft}Catholic{\textquotedblright}, ie symbolic constructs that society considers as linked to the doctrine and tradition of the Catholic Church. It then discusses the concepts of reconnection and connectial devices. In conclusion, it is stated that in the reconstruction of the {\textquotedblleft}Catholic{\textquotedblright} arises a religiosity in experimentation marked by e-resies, ie new symbolic meanings of the networked religious, {\textquotedblleft}bricolages of faith{\textquotedblright} in the digital environment.},
	keywords = {Catholic Church, Catholicism, circulation, connectial dispositifs, mediatization, mediatization of religion, reconnections, socio-digital networks},
	issn = {1668-5628},
	url = {http://www.latrama.fcpolit.unr.edu.ar/index.php/trama/article/view/472},
	author = {Mois{\'e}s Sbardelotto}
}
@article {1593,
	title = {The Sacred in Bits and Pixels: An Analysis of the Interactional Interface in Brazilian Catholic Online Rituals},
	journal = {Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture (JRMDC)},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2014},
	chapter = {82},
	abstract = {Through digital technologies, a new form of communicational interaction between the user and the sacred occurs in an online religious experience. This phenomenon is illustrated in practice by numerous religious services present in the online Catholic environment, which manifest new modes of discourse and religious practices, beyond the scope of the traditional church {\textendash} what I term here {\textquotedblleft}online rituals{\textquotedblright} {\textendash} marked by a process of mediatization of religion. In this paper, from a corpus of four Brazilian websites, I analyze key concepts for the understanding of this phenomenon, including digital mediatization and interface. I examine, in these Brazilian Catholic websites, the communicational configurations of the religious experience from five areas of the interactional interface: the screen; peripherals; the organizational structure of content on websites; the graphic composition of the webpages; and possible interface failures. Finally, I examine a shift in the communicational dynamics of religion today, marked by new materialities present in online religious rituals.},
	keywords = {Brazil, Catholic Church, Catholicism, Interaction, interface, internet, mediatization, mediatization of religion, online rituals, religion, technology},
	issn = {2165-9214},
	url = {http://jrmdc.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sbardelotto-Catholic-Sacred.pdf},
	author = {Mois{\'e}s Sbardelotto}
}
